Using daily data from March 1, 2021 to March 31, 2022, the USD-PHP exchange rate and pandemic-related variables such as the number of cases, vaccinations, and stringency index in relation to the movements of Philippine Stock Exchange index (PSEi) were investigated. The paper views vaccination as an instrument for reducing...
Archipelago on Lockdown: An Assessment of the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Philippines’ Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) Across the Food Value Chain
The paper examined the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the Philippines' MSMEs across the food value chain and the strategies that food-based MSMEs employed to cope with disruptions. A food value chain framework was used toanalyze the food-based MSMEs, focusing on the input and service provision, production/farming, processing, transport and...